Bleeding after intramuscular injection - Sep 15, 2022 · Avoid irritated skin and blood vessels. Avoid any sites where your skin is irritated. Whether it’s a mild rash, a cut, or an eczema flare — irritated skin is inflamed and more likely to have a reaction. Apply a cold compress. Applying a cold compress for 5 to 10 minutes after your injection can limit swelling and redness.

 
hives. itching. difficulty breathing or swallowing. swelling of the face, throat, tongue, lips, eyes, hands, feet, ankles, or lower legs. fast heartbeat. unusual bleeding. Oxytocin injection may cause other side effects. Call your doctor if you have any unusual problems while receiving this medication. If you experience a serious side effect .... Nanding's bakery hawaii

Heparin use's typical adverse effects include bleeding, thrombocytopenia, injection site reactions, and other adverse effects only seen with chronic heparin administration. Bleeding is a major complication associated with heparin use. Patients should undergo monitoring for new bleeding that may present in the urine or stool.smj67. 11 Posts. May 25, 2005. That's happened to me a few times and the answer I got was the needle probably went thru a vein to the other side and out the far wall of the vein and embedded in muscle tissue so when you aspirated there was no blood, but after the injection and withdrew the needle back through the vein the blood following the ...Intramuscular injection is quicker to administer, more convenient for the provider, requires relatively less skill and thus can be given by lower‐level providers. ... Guven E, et al. Intramuscular versus intravenous prophylactic oxytocin for postpartum hemorrhage after vaginal delivery: a randomized controlled study. Archives of …pounding in the ears. prolonged bleeding from cuts. puffiness or swelling of the eyelids or around the eyes, face, lips, or tongue. red or dark brown urine. severe or continuing stomach pain. sharp back pain just below the ribs. sneezing. sore throat. swelling of the face, fingers, feet, or lower legs.It's common to get irregular bleeding. That can be a mixture of bleeding, spotting (pink/brown/red), or no bleeding at all, until you've had 2 or 3 shots, & then you typically find that your periods stop, altogether, until you come off Depo Provera. Sometimes you can get a little irregular bleeding/brown discharge in between shots, especially ...pain around the injection site, ranging from minor to intense pain, which is often called a cortisone or steroid flare. bruising around the injection site. face flushing for a few hours. thin or ...The major disadvantage of IMP is the discomfort associated with intramuscular injections, in addition to the potential risks for local inflammatory reactions and abscesses that could arise from repetitive injections of the oil vehicle . The formulation of progesterone as a vaginal gel, from a practical perspective, is very convenient and well ...What is SIRVA? Shoulder injury related to vaccine administration is an under-reported, preventable series of events caused by incorrect technique or landmarking for intramuscular deltoid injections. 1, 2 Specifically, SIRVA occurs when an intramuscular deltoid injection is administered into the shoulder joint. 1, 2 This results in an …It happens on occasion, no biggie. As long as it's not shooting out blood, you should be okay. Sounds like you were clear and careful with the injection. I do IM and I have never had blood "shoot out", meaning like go in the air. I have had a lot of blood build up on the injection site and start to pool there.Intramuscular Injection Sites. Intramuscular injection sites are selected based on factors such as age, medication type, and muscle mass. The most common sites include: Deltoid Muscle (Upper arm): Commonly used for small-volume injections, such as vaccines. Vastus Lateralis Muscle (Thigh): Preferred for infants and children, but also suitable ...Tranexamic acid (TXA) is an antifibrinolytic drug that reduces surgical blood loss and death due to bleeding after trauma and post-partum haemorrhage. One key issue for treatment success is early administration. While usually given intravenously, oral and intramuscular use would be useful in specific circumstances.If you get a blood return, that means that the needle is in a blood vessel rather than in the muscle. Don't panic! The quick fix for this problem is to remove ...Summary. To reduce the pain and fear associated with regular injections, try numbing the injection site with ice and/or a numbing cream. Talk with your healthcare provider about the best sites for intramuscular or subcutaneous injections, and rotate the injection site if there is any pain or bruising. If you have problems injecting yourself ...Two other patients in the perimenopausal age group had similar episodes of vaginal bleeding after epidural steroid injection, as reported by Cok et al. 5 This case report illustrates the rare side effect of this steroid medication, triamcinolone acetonide, in a postmenopausal woman, though such a history should not make the gynaecologist defer ...After four rounds, a final list of statements was compiled. Recommendations: Consensus was achieved that COVID-19 vaccines licensed only for intramuscular injection should be administered intramuscularly in hemophilia patients. Prophylactic factor replacement, given on the day of vaccination with a maximum interval between prophylaxis and ...Introduction and background. Intramuscular injections (IMIs) are among the most common medical procedures performed in any healthcare center [].Globally, the deltoid is the preferred IMI site in clinical practice [].Many other IMI sites have been considered over the deltoid based on the risk of injury to the underlying vessels and nerves.Amenorrhoea: if, when the second injection is due, bleeding has not occurred in the preceding eight weeks the second injection should not be given until pregnancy has been ruled out. Partial metabolization of norethisterone to ethinylestradiol . Norethisterone is partly metabolised to ethinylestradiol (EE) after intramuscular administration in ...There are no specific contraindications to COVID‐19 vaccination for people with inherited bleeding disorders. The COVID vaccine trials demonstrating efficacy have only been performed using an intramuscular (IM) route of administration. Therefore, subcutaneous administration, which is an option for other types of vaccines for people in people ...Aug 14, 2023 · Give the injection: Hold the syringe firmly like a dart. The IM injection angle should be 90 degrees to the injection site. Insert the needle with a brisk, controlled motion (do not "stab" the needle). Compress the plunger slowly to inject the drug. Quickly remove the needle without changing the angle. The level of pregnancy hormone in your blood should go down over 2 to 4 days. Based on your blood test results, your doctor will tell you if you need another injection of methotrexate. After getting methotrexate. After you get methotrexate, you may have: mild to moderate cramps or pain in the abdomen (belly) vaginal bleeding (like a period)The best areas on your body to give yourself a SQ injection are: Upper arms. At least 3 inches (7.5 centimeters) below your shoulder and 3 inches (7.5 centimeters) above your elbow, on the side or back. Outer side of upper thighs. Belly area. Below your ribs and above your hip bones, at least 2 inches (5 centimeters) away from your belly button.If blood is aspirated before giving an intramuscular injection, Drugs.com recommends removing the needle immediately without injecting the medication. The syringe and medication sh...May 6, 2024 ... If blood comes back, remove the needle immediately. Do not inject the medicine. Dispose of both the syringe and the medicine. Get more medicine ...Naltrexone injection also blocks the useful effects of narcotics. Always use a non-narcotic medicine to treat pain, diarrhea, or a cough. If you have any questions about the proper medicine to use, check with your doctor. Naltrexone injection will not prevent you from becoming impaired when you drink alcohol.Ketorolac is an FDA-approved medication used in the treatment of moderate to severe acute onset pain. [1] It is in the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) drug class. Ketorolac is versatile, as it is available in multiple-dose forms: oral, nasal spray, IV, or IM. It is commonly used postoperatively for pain management.The best areas on your body to give yourself a SQ injection are: Upper arms. At least 3 inches (7.5 centimeters) below your shoulder and 3 inches (7.5 centimeters) above your elbow, on the side or back. Outer side of upper thighs. Belly area. Below your ribs and above your hip bones, at least 2 inches (5 centimeters) away from your belly button.Intramuscular Administration ... After injecting, press the area lightly but do not rub. ... Irregular bleeding decreases to 30% after 24 months and 10% thereafter. Fifty-five percent of women report amenorrhea after 12 months of therapy, and that number goes up to 68% after two years. The following adverse effects of medroxyprogesterone ...persistent pain, pus, or bleeding at the injection site; yellowing of the eyes or skin; hives; difficulty breathing; swelling of the face, mouth, tongue or neck.Can I use injections if I take a blood-thinning medication, such as aspirin, clopidogrel (Plavix) or warfarin? Yes. While blood thinners increase the risk of bleeding and bruising, the needles used for penile injections are small. The risk is minimal so long as you apply pressure on the site immediately after giving yourself an injection.In one clinical trial, 38 preterm infants born at less than 32 weeks’ gestational age were randomized to receive a single dose of vitamin K at birth of 0.5 mg IM, or 0.2 mg IM, or 0.2 mg by IV injection. Biochemical indices of vitamin K status were measured at birth, at 5 days and after 2 weeks of achieving full enteral feeds (> 150 mL/kg/day).Typically, an injection-site reaction is considered to be any pain, swelling, rash, bleeding, or redness that occurs at the site of an injection, although, serious reactions can occur (see sidebar 1). 2 A small amount of pain or redness is expected with an intramuscular (IM) or subcutaneous injection, and a warning to this effect is included in ... IM injections in the deltoid muscle are not recommended for children 12 months of age and younger.1. Table 1: Needle selection guidelines for IM injections in the deltoid muscle using needle gauge 22-25 for children >12 months to 12 years of age. Table 2: Needle selection guidelines for IM injections in the deltoid muscle using needle gauge 22 ... Hydrocortisone is used to treat certain medical conditions, such as inflammation (swelling), severe allergic reactions, kidney diseases, adrenal problems, arthritis, blood or bone marrow problems, eye or vision problems, lung or breathing problems (eg, asthma), lupus, skin conditions, and ulcerative colitis. Hydrocortisone is a corticosteroid ... To help prevent infection when giving yourself a shot, always wash your hands, clean the injection site, and keep your needles sterile. If you notice signs of infection, call your doctor. These signs include: Increased pain, swelling, warmth, or redness around the injection site. Red streaks leading from the site. Intramuscular injection technique 33,34. For intramuscular injection, use a 25 mm needle in most cases (see Table. Recommended needle size, length and angle for administering vaccines). Depending on the injection site, position the limb to relax the muscle that the vaccine is being injected into.For additional ideas and support in learning about intramuscular injections, call your team nurse. If you would like a nurse to mark injection sites, appointments are available between 9:00AM and 4:00PM M-F. Call your nurslng dlaegaa Voicemail times for your Team Nurse: 9:00AM-4:OOPM Weekdays, 9:00AM-2:00PM Weekends/Holidays. All calls madeIntramuscular Administration ... After injecting, press the area lightly but do not rub. ... Irregular bleeding decreases to 30% after 24 months and 10% thereafter. Fifty-five percent of women report amenorrhea after 12 months of therapy, and that number goes up to 68% after two years. The following adverse effects of medroxyprogesterone ...For persons at risk for hemorrhage (e.g., persons with hemophilia), the risk of bleeding after intramuscular injection can be minimized by use of a 23-gauge (or …A: While a blood spurt after an intramuscular injection can be alarming, it is usually not dangerous. However, if the bleeding does not stop or if you experience excessive blood loss, seek medical assistance.Expand All. Noristerat 200mg solution for intramuscular injection. Due to regulatory changes, the content of the following Patient Information Leaflet may vary from the one found in your medicine pack. Please compare the 'Leaflet prepared/revised date' towards the end of the leaflet to establish if there have been any changes.Contraceptive injection Find out about the contraceptive injection, including who can use it, how well it works and possible side effects. What is the contraceptive injection? Where to get it Who can get it Getting the injection Side effects and risks ...The thigh is a good place to give an injection to yourself or a child less than 3 years old. Look at the thigh, and imagine it in 3 equal parts. Put the injection in the middle of the thigh. Hip: The hip is a good place to give an injection to adults and children older than 7 months. Have the person lie on the side.Desferal (Injectable) received an overall rating of 7 out of 10 stars from 1 reviews. See what others have said about Desferal (Injectable), including the effectiveness, ease of us...Oct 23, 2018 · It manifests itself as shoulder pain and limited range of motion occurring after a patient receives a vaccine intended for intramuscular administration. These symptoms are thought to occur as a result of unintended injection of vaccine antigen or trauma from the needle going into and around the underlying bursa of the shoulder, resulting in an ... To help prevent infection when giving yourself a shot, always wash your hands, clean the injection site, and keep your needles sterile. If you notice signs of infection, call your doctor. These signs include: Increased pain, swelling, warmth, or redness around the injection site. Red streaks leading from the site. Open the alcohol wipe: Wipe the area where you plan to give the injection. Let the area dry. Do not touch this area until you give the injection. Prepare the needle: Hold the syringe with your writing hand and pull the cover off with your other hand. Place the syringe between your thumb and first finger.Episodes of unpredictable bleeding occur during the first year in 70 percent of women who use contraceptive injections and in up to 80 percent of women who use contraceptive implants. 8. After one ...They classified IM injections as minor procedures (procedures associated with little tissue trauma, but relevant bleeding risk, along with transluminal cardiac, …Muscular hematomas are in simple terms defined by bleeding within a muscle group. These muscular hematomas may be traumatic or spontaneous. Traumatic muscle hematomas, while painful to the patient, are manageable with conservative rest and non-narcotic pain medication. Spontaneous muscle hematomas, in contrast, are mainly located in the abdominal waist area and have the potential to develop ...They classified IM injections as minor procedures (procedures associated with little tissue trauma, but relevant bleeding risk, along with transluminal cardiac, …Typically, an injection-site reaction is considered to be any pain, swelling, rash, bleeding, or redness that occurs at the site of an injection, although, serious reactions can occur …Apr 21, 2023 · It’s typical to experience some discomfort after an intramuscular injection. But certain symptoms may be a sign of a more serious complication. Naltrexone injection also blocks the useful effects of narcotics. Always use a non-narcotic medicine to treat pain, diarrhea, or a cough. If you have any questions about the proper medicine to use, check with your doctor. Naltrexone injection will not prevent you from becoming impaired when you drink alcohol.If you're bleeding after you remove the needle, apply direct pressure to stop the bleeding. Clean the wound with soap and water, and cover it with a bandage, if needed, to protect it. If you can't remove the needle, or if a broken part of the needle didn't come out, you need medical attention. A doctor will help remove the needle.Jul 28, 2019 ... ... intramuscular (IM) injection ... blood vessels at the recommended injection sites” (2016, p. ... A total of 340 studies were found after the initial ...When you first start having your hydroxocobalamin treatment, you'll usually have an injection a few times a week. Your dose may go up or down, depending on your response to the treatment and the vitamin B12 levels in your blood. To see how well it's working, your doctor will ask you about your symptoms such as tiredness and lack of energy.5. After injecting the medication, pull the syringe at the same angle it went in to remove the needle from your skin. 6. Put the used needle and syringe into the sharps container to dispose of it (see Figure 7 & Figure 8). 7. Gently press a cotton ball or gauze on the injection site. a. Hold pressure on the site until the bleeding is done. b.By intramuscular injection, or by intravenous injection Females of childbearing potential 1000–1500 units, dose to administered immediately or within 72 hours; for large transplacental bleed, extra 100 units per mL fetal red cells (preferably by intravenous injection), intravenous route recommended for patients with bleeding disorders.This medication is for injection into a muscle. It is usually given in a hospital or clinic. A patient package insert for the product will be given with each prescription and refill. Read this sheet carefully each time. The sheet may change frequently. Talk to your care team regarding the use of this medication in children. Special care may be ...Intramuscular injection (IM) is installing medications into the depth of specifically selected muscles.[1] The bulky muscles have good vascularity, and therefore the injected drug quickly reaches the systemic circulation and thereafter into the specific region of action, bypassing the first-pass metabolism.[2] It is one of the most common medical …IM injections in the deltoid muscle are not recommended for children 12 months of age and younger.1. Table 1: Needle selection guidelines for IM injections in the deltoid muscle using needle gauge 22-25 for children >12 months to 12 years of age. Table 2: Needle selection guidelines for IM injections in the deltoid muscle using needle gauge 22 ...The injection site will not stop bleeding. You have very bad pain at the injection site. You have a fever of 100.4° F (38° C) or higher. You have signs of an allergic reaction at the injection site or anywhere on your body. Signs of an allergic reaction include: About Your Intragluteal Injection 2/3In a study by Moharreri et al. (2007), when pain severity and bleeding status were evaluated after the IM injections in the dorsogluteal and ventrogluteal regions, it was found that patients who were injected into the ventrogluteal region felt less pain and had less bleeding compared with the dorsogluteal region 14.pale skin. puffiness or swelling of the eyelids or around the eyes, face, lips, or tongue. ringing in the ears. swelling of the face, fingers, feet, or lower legs. tightness in the chest. unusual tiredness or weakness. weight gain. Some side effects may occur that usually do not need medical attention.It happens on occasion, no biggie. As long as it's not shooting out blood, you should be okay. Sounds like you were clear and careful with the injection. I do IM and I have never had blood "shoot out", meaning like go in the air. I have had a lot of blood build up on the injection site and start to pool there.May 6, 2024 · Open the alcohol wipe: Wipe the area where you plan to give the injection. Let the area dry. Do not touch this area until you give the injection. Prepare the needle: Hold the syringe with your writing hand and pull the cover off with your other hand. Place the syringe between your thumb and first finger. Let it dry. Remove the cap from the needle. Hold the syringe like a dart close to the site. Keep your fingers off the plunger. Stretch the skin flat using your fingers and thumb of one hand. Place the syringe at a 90-degree angle to the shot site. The needle should stand straight up from the skin.Medroxyprogesterone intramuscular injection comes as a suspension (liquid) to be injected into the buttocks or upper arm. It is usually given once every 3 months (13 weeks) by a healthcare provider in an office or clinic. ... bleeding from your nipples, an abnormal mammogram (breast x-ray), or fibrocystic breast disease (swollen, tender breasts ...Intramuscular (IM) injections are invasive procedures; bleeding and bruising may occur at the injection site. Although there is no definitive guidance, most IM …IPOL and Pneumovax 23 can be administered by IM or subcut injection. IM injections are administered into the muscle through the skin and subcutaneous tissue. There are only two recommended sites for administering vaccines by IM injection: Vastus lateralis muscle in the anterolateral thigh; Deltoid muscle in the upper armOct 20, 2009 · The major disadvantage of IMP is the discomfort associated with intramuscular injections, in addition to the potential risks for local inflammatory reactions and abscesses that could arise from repetitive injections of the oil vehicle . The formulation of progesterone as a vaginal gel, from a practical perspective, is very convenient and well ... Heparin use's typical adverse effects include bleeding, thrombocytopenia, injection site reactions, and other adverse effects only seen with chronic heparin administration. Bleeding is a major complication associated with heparin use. Patients should undergo monitoring for new bleeding that may present in the urine or stool.hives. itching. difficulty breathing or swallowing. swelling of the face, throat, tongue, lips, eyes, hands, feet, ankles, or lower legs. fast heartbeat. unusual bleeding. Oxytocin injection may cause other side effects. Call your doctor if you have any unusual problems while receiving this medication. If you experience a serious side effect ...Several methods of quantifying leakage after an injection have been used in prior studies, including weighing the leakage, 3,18 using a comparison chart or scale for volume estimation, 4,16 measuring or digitally quantifying the wet spot on filter paper, 1,9,15 using questionnaires or visual analog scales comparing leakage from 2 or more ...stopping of heart. sweating. swollen, painful, or tender lymph glands in the neck, armpit, or groin. tightness in the chest. unconsciousness. unusual tiredness or weakness. vomiting. Some side effects may occur that usually do not need medical attention. These side effects may go away during treatment as your body adjusts to the medicine.The recommended site of IM injection is the deltoid muscle. 2. The application of a local firm pressure, without rubbing, is recommended during 2 to 5 minutes after injection, for both IM and SC routes 3 11 during vaccination procedure in patients with bleeding disorder or under anticoagulant. The use of a fine needle (23-gauge or smaller ...In a study by Moharreri et al. (2007), when pain severity and bleeding status were evaluated after the IM injections in the dorsogluteal and ventrogluteal regions, it was found that patients who were injected into the ventrogluteal region felt less pain and had less bleeding compared with the dorsogluteal region 14.Subcutaneous injections tend to be less painful than intramuscular injections because the needles are smaller and do not have to push through as much tissue. ... it is from slight bleeding after ...Subcutaneous injections tend to be less painful than intramuscular injections because the needles are smaller and do not have to push through as much tissue. ... it is from slight bleeding after ...

A 22-25 gauge needle is recommended for vaccine intramuscular (IM) injections. Use the appropriate needle length based on the resident’s weight (Table 1), according to CDC guidelines. Choose and Identify the Correct Location. The best injection site for IM vaccinations is in the deltoid muscle of the arm. That is the large, triangular-shaped .... Huntington bank elk river

bleeding after intramuscular injection

Intramuscular hematomas on the psoas muscle usually occur as a result of trauma and underlying hematologic diseases. Coagulation disorders result in acute bleeding influenced by fibrinolysis. 2) Iatrogenically occurring hematomas may occur as a result of the compression of the nerve roots after lumbar surgery. 11, 13) The minor …Possible negative effects of testosterone therapy may include: an increased risk of cardiovascular complications. worsened symptoms in the lower urinary tract. polycythemia, a rare type of blood ...Apply an adhesive bandage to the injection site if there is any bleeding. Intradermal Injection. No routinely recommend U.S. vaccines are administered by the intradermal route of injection. Intramuscular Route. ... IM injections are administered at a 90-degree angle to the skin and, for most adult patients, the skin is spread and the tissues ...Hydrocortisone is used to treat certain medical conditions, such as inflammation (swelling), severe allergic reactions, kidney diseases, adrenal problems, arthritis, blood or bone marrow problems, eye or vision problems, lung or breathing problems (eg, asthma), lupus, skin conditions, and ulcerative colitis. Hydrocortisone is a corticosteroid ...Expand All. Noristerat 200mg solution for intramuscular injection. Due to regulatory changes, the content of the following Patient Information Leaflet may vary from the one found in your medicine pack. Please compare the 'Leaflet prepared/revised date' towards the end of the leaflet to establish if there have been any changes.Oct 13, 2022 · Intramuscular injection (IM) is not currently FDA approved for any indication, nor is it recommended by the Committee on TCCC (CoTCCC) or the Joint Trauma Service (JTS). The current JTS Clinical Practice Guidelines (CPGs) recommend a minimum of 1-gram TXA IV, to be administered as soon as possible after the injury (with a limit of 3 hours post ... Trigger point injection may induce complications such as vasovagal syncope, skin infection, hematoma, and pneumothorax, which depends on injection sites. [ 1, 2] There is no complete statistics regarding the prevalence of these complications. A previous research which studied 12,134 admitted patients for complications after intramuscular ...Aug 11, 2022 ... Giving an IM (intramuscular) injection ... injection given in the wrong place could hit a nerve or blood vessel. ... After getting the injection the ...Jul 30, 2021 · Subcutaneous. Intraosseous. Intradermal. Side effects. Summary. Injections deliver liquid medications, fluids, or nutrients directly into a person’s body. Different types of injections include ... Feb 22, 2022 · Intramuscular administration of vitamin K for prevention of vitamin K deficiency bleeding (VKDB) has been a standard of care since the American Academy of Pediatrics recommended it in 1961. Despite the success of prevention of VKDB with vitamin K administration, the incidence of VKDB appears to be on the rise. This increase in incidence of VKDB is attributable to parental refusal as well as ... Three days after receiving the therapeutic enoxaparin injection, she was admitted to hospital following a collapse and complained of severe abdominal pain radiating to the back for one day. The pain was throughout the abdomen and worse on the lower abdomen and both groins. She felt cold, drowsy, and tired. She denied nausea, …If you're bleeding after you remove the needle, apply direct pressure to stop the bleeding. Clean the wound with soap and water, and cover it with a bandage, if needed, to protect …Step 5. After the injection · Press a gauze pad onto the site. · Hold the pad tightly for a minute. · Check the area for redness, bleeding, or bruising. &middo...hives. itching. difficulty breathing or swallowing. swelling of the face, throat, tongue, lips, eyes, hands, feet, ankles, or lower legs. fast heartbeat. unusual bleeding. Oxytocin injection may cause other side effects. Call your doctor if you have any unusual problems while receiving this medication. If you experience a serious side effect ...Subcutaneous. Intraosseous. Intradermal. Side effects. Summary. Injections deliver liquid medications, fluids, or nutrients directly into a person’s body. Different types of injections include ...The contraceptive injection (Depo-Provera, Sayana Press or Noristerat) is used to prevent pregnancy. If used correctly, the contraceptive injection is 99% effective. This means that 1 in 100 people who use the injection will become pregnant in a year. In real world use about 6 in 100 people become pregnant in a year because people forget to get ...smj67. 11 Posts. May 25, 2005. That's happened to me a few times and the answer I got was the needle probably went thru a vein to the other side and out the far wall of the vein and embedded in muscle tissue so when you aspirated there was no blood, but after the injection and withdrew the needle back through the vein the blood following the ...Insert the needle smoothly and swiftly. Inject at a 90-degree angle, to ensure the medication reaches the muscle. Inject medication over 1-2 seconds. After removing the needle, use gentle pressure with a cotton ball or gauze. Do not massage the injection site. If there is a leakage at the injection site after withdrawal of needle: apply light ....

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